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Poster presentations: Clinical: Therapy and Observation 2020

P500 Adiposity among IBD patients

M. Bletsa1, A. Karachaliou2, G. Kokkotis3, M.M. Tsoutska1, S. Andoniadi2, I. Papaconstantinou4, M. Kontogianni2, G. Bamias3

1Nutrition and Dietetic Department, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece, 2Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece, 3GI Unit- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens, Greece, 42nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieion Hospital, Athens, Greece

Background

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been traditionally associated with malnutrition and increased prevalence of underweight status. Nevertheless, according to recent reports, there appears to be an increase in the percentage of overweight individuals among patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC). In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the body composition of a cohort of Greek patients with IBD.

Methods

We analysed data from 88 patients with IBD (CD:58, UC:30, female: 45). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated and waist circumference (WC) was measured in all participants. Body composition was evaluated with a multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance segmental body composition analyser (BIA) (Tanita MC-780) and with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Results

9.1% (n = 8) of patients had low BMI (<18.5), 53.4% (n = 47) normal, 22.7% (n = 20) were overweight and 14.8% (n = 13) obese. No differences were seen between CD vs. UC. Furthermore, 27.3% (n = 24) of women had WC < 80 cm and 27.3% (n = 24) of men had < 94 cm. Referring to % total body fat, as reported by BIA, 46.5% (n = 20) of men and 11.1% (n = 5) of women had total body fat <20%, 46.5% (n = 20) of men and 44.4% (n = 20) of women had 21–30%, 7% (n = 3) of men and 28.9% (n = 13)of women 31–40% and 15.6% (n = 7)of women >41%. According to DXA measurements, 25.6% (n = 11) of men had total body fat <20%, 46.5% (n = 20) of men and 15.6% (n = 7) of women had 21–30%, 25.6% (n = 11) of men and 46.7% (n = 21) of women 31–40% and 2.3% (n = 1) of men and 37.8% (n = 17) of women >41%. There was no significant difference in % total body fat between CD and UC patients in either measurement. We observed a significant difference between the two methods regarding the estimation of % body fat, as BIA measurements were lower than those obtained with DXA (p < 0.001, median = 5.53%, 95% confidence interval = 4.82–6.24%). Nevertheless there was a significant correlation between BIA and DXA measurements in the same individual (r2 = 0.9025, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

We found a large proportion of overweight/obese patients in our IBD cohort. The association with increased WC may imply that the total abdominal fat is increased in such patients. As excessive fat content has been shown to negatively affect IBD patients in multiple ways, our results emphasise the need for better assessment of body composition and dietetic interventions in this population.