P515 Inflammatory bowel disease and malignancy – the outcome of patients with malignancy diagnosed before IBD diagnosis or IBD-targeted therapy
Shani, U.(1);Klang, E.(2);Ungar, B.(3);Ben-Horin, S.(3);Kopylov, U.(3);
(1)Tel-HaShomer Sheba Medical Center, Internal Medicine F, Ramat Gan, Israel;(2)Tel-HaShomer Sheba Medical Center, arc, Ramat Gan, Israel;(3)Tel-HaShomer Sheba Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Ramat Gan, Israel;
Background
The treatment strategy in IBD patients with previous malignancy is not well defined, and the available literature is scarce.The main aim of this study was to describe the outcome of IBD patients with previous malignancy or before exposure to IBD-related treatment.
Methods
The study cohort included IBD patients with at least one malignancy diagnosed before IBD or before initiation of IBD-related treatment (excluding 5-ASA/corticosteroids). All patients were followed at the department of gastroenterology in Sheba medical center between 2010 and 2021. Clinical and demographic data were extracted from the patients’ medical records. The main outcome of interest was a relapse of previous malignancy or the development of a second malignancy.
Results
From our IBD database comprising 3811 patients, we identified 86 patients with malignancy before IBD-related treatment: 38 diagnosed with malignancy 6 years before IBD (median time, IQR=3-12) and 48 - after (15 years (IQR7-22) IBD diagnosis but before exposure to IBD treatment. The most common malignancy preceding IBD was breast cancer found in 9/38 (24%) patients. Other malignancies before IBD diagnosis included: lymphoma 7/38 patients (18%), melanoma in 6 patients (16%), and leukemia in 4 patients (11%). After a diagnosis of IBD, 38/86 (44%) patients were treated with thiopurines, 28/86 (32%) with vedolizumab (VDZ), and 26/86 (30%) with anti-TNFs.
10/86 (9%) patients were further diagnosed with second primary malignancy. The median time from first to second malignancy was 7 years (IQR=16-6); 7/10 patients (70%) were exposed to thiopurines, 6/10 (60%) to anti-TNFs, and 6/10 (60%) to VDZ. The only clinical variable associated with second malignancy was female gender (9/40 (22.5%) vs. 1/46 (2.2%), p=0.005).
20/86 patients (23%) had a recurrence of malignancy (median- 3 years (IQR=3-9). The most common recurrent malignancies were non-melanotic skin cancer (NMSC) In 9 patients (45%) and melanoma in 3 patients (20%). Of patients with recurrence, 11 patients (55%) were exposed to thiopurines, 10 patients (50%) were exposed to anti-TNFs, and 5 patients (25%) were exposed to vedolizumab. Treatment with anti-TNFs was associated with recurrence of NMSC (6/25 (24%) vs. 2/52 (3.7%), p=0.047).
Conclusion
In our retrospective tertiary center cohort, recurrence of malignancies in IBD patients with previous neoplasia was uncommon. However, most recurrent malignancies were solid and hematopoietic malignancies. Female gender was associated with an increased risk of second malignancy, while anti-TNF treatment was associated with an increased risk of NMSC recurrence. Our findings underline the importance of rigorous dermatological follow-up in IBD patients with previous NMSC treated with anti-TNFs