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Poster presentations: Epidemiology 2020

P791 Difference between paediatric Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis at diagnosis in Korea: results from a multicentre, registry-based, retrospective cohort study

B.H. Choe1, B. Kang1, H.R. Suh1, E.S. Kim2, J.H. Park2, M.J. Kim2, Y.H. Choe2, S. Kim3, H. Koh3, Y.J. Lee4, J.H. Park4, E. Ryoo5

1Kyungpook National University Children’s Hospital- Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Daegu, Republic of Korea, 2Samsung Medical Center- Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 3Severance Hospital- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 4Pusan National University Children’s Hospital- Pusan National University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Yangsan, Republic of Korea, 5Gachon University Gil Medical Center- Gachon University College of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Incheon, Republic of Korea

Background

Despite its increasing incidence, large-scale data regarding the demographics and characteristics of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) at diagnosis in Korea is scarce. We aimed to compare the differences of paediatric Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) at diagnosis in Korea.

Methods

This analysis was conducted using data from a multicentre, registry-based, retrospective cohort study conducted at five centres in Korea between 2013 and 2018. Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, results from laboratory, endoscopic, radiologic examinations were compared between paediatric CD and UC patients who were <19 years at diagnosis.

Results

A total 307 patients were included in this analysis. Among them 227 patients were diagnosed with CD (73.9%), and 80 patients (26.1%) with UC. The male to female ratio was 2.49:1 for CD, and 1.29:1 for UC (p = 0.019). Median age at diagnosis was 14.4 years (IQR 12.4–16.2) for CD, and 14.4 (11.7–16.5) for UC (p = 0.962). Symptoms at presentation that were dominant in CD patients compared with UC patients were abdominal pain (76.2% vs. 51.2%, p < 0.001), weight loss (51.5% vs. 22.5%, p < 0.001), perianal fistulas (18.9% vs. 0%, p < 0.001), perianal skin tags (15.9% vs. 1.2%, p < 0.001), fever (20.3% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.007), and oral ulcers (13.7% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.026), while hematochezia was the only dominant symptom in UC patients compared with CD patients (86.2% vs. 30.8%, p < 0.001). White blood cell counts, platelet counts, ESR, CRP were significantly higher, and serum albumin level was significantly lower in CD patients. ASCA was positive in 44.5% and 16.2% of CD and UC patients, respectively (p < 0.001), and ANCA was positive in 15.0% and 58.8% of CD and UC patients, respectively (p < 0.001). Terminal ileal involvement on endoscopy was prominent in CD (62.1% vs. 16.2%, p < 0.001), while rectal involvement was more prominent in UC (52.4% vs. 83.8%, p < 0.001). Small bowel involvement and perianal perforating diseases on radiologic exams were also more prominent in CD.

Conclusion

Clinical symptoms, laboratory test results, radiologic findings, endoscopic findings were significantly different between paediatric Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis at diagnosis in Korea. A large-scale study on a nationwide basis is expected to better clarify this difference in the future.