THE ROLE OF AUTOPHAGY IN LIMITING IBD-ASSOCIATED AIEC-INDUCED INTESTINAL INFLAMMATION

Shai Bel © Shai Bel

Aim of research

While the aetiology underlying the development of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) is unclear, evidence points to an interaction between host genetics, such as mutations in autophagy genes, and environmental factors, such as bacterial infections. Multiple studies have identified an adherent-invasive Escherichia coli pathotype (AIEC) that attaches to intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) in patients with IBD but not in healthy subjects. It is thought that AIEC exploits the intestinal inflammation in patients with IBD to attach to the IECs, intensifying the pre-existing inflammation. Studies in vitro have shown that functional autophagy is crucial to eliminate AIEC infection. Here, we aim to identify how, and in which compartment of the intestine, autophagy protects the host from AIEC-associated pathologies in vivo and to determine whether artificially enhancing the autophagy process is a viable therapeutic avenue for patients with IBD and intestinal AIEC colonisation.

TISSUE-ASSOCIATED MICROBIAL AND CELLULAR DRIVERS OF RESOLUTION OF INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE EXACERBATION IN A LONG-TERM COHORT OF PAEDIATRIC CD PATIENTS

Tobias Schwerd ©  Tobias Schwerd

Aim of research

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) are characterised by episodes of disease quiescence and disease exacerbation. The microbial and molecular events that result in long-lasting resolution of inflammation or the transition from IBD quiescence (mucosal healing) to active intestinal inflammation are unknown. Intestinal inflammation arises from a dysregulated response of tissue-resident immune cells, such as T cells, towards the intestinal microbiota. We aim to study longitudinal host–microbe interactions at the mucosal level as a strategy to identify microbial and molecular events associated with the resolution or re-activation of intestinal inflammation in individual paediatric patients with IBD.

FINE DETERMINATION OF GUT TISSUE LAYERS’ INFLAMMATION EXPLORING IMMUNE-MICROBIOTA SIGNATURES: NEW BIOMARKERS OF RECURRENCE IN SURGICAL PATIENTS WITH CROHN’S DISEASE?

Francesco Giudici © Francesco Giudici

Aim of research

Up to 65% of patients with Crohn’s Disease (CD) show disease recurrence after ileocolic resection. The reasons for this high recurrence rate are still unclear, but the abnormal CD inflammatory process, against the microbiota, affects all the intestinal wall layers. We aim to explore the mutual interplay of inflammatory and microbial factors involved in CD through a systems-level study, defining the “correlation network” of mucosa-associated microbiota (and its faecal metabolites) at the time of ileocolic resection. We will evaluate whether specific microbial/inflammatory correlations are statistically associated with early postoperative endoscopic recurrence, assessed by colonoscopy at six months.

ROLE OF DNA METHYLATION AND GENE EXPRESSION ALTERATIONS IN DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY-ONSET PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS – DYNAMIC

Sudipto Das © Sudipto Das

Aim of research

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a progressive cholestatic disease and up to 80% of PSC patients have Ulcerative Colitis (PSC-UC), which presents a clinical challenge owing to the difficulty in diagnosis and increased risk for development of cancer. While several multifactorial processes, including inflammation and dysbiosis of microbiota, have been associated with PSC-UC pathogenesis, the precise molecular factors that regulate the phenotype of this disease subtype remain unknown. This research project – DYNAMIC – hypothesises that mapping the differences in DNA methylation and gene expression alterations between young PSC-UC and non-PSC-UC patients will allow us to unravel critical molecular factors that underpin this disease subtype.

De-escalation of anti-TNF therapy in adolescents and young adults with IBD with tight faecal calprotectin and trough level monitoring (free-study)

Marleen Bouhuys © Marleen Bouhuys

Aim of research

Treatment outcomes of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) have improved enormously due to the use of anti-tumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents, but prolonged use comes with disadvantages such as infections and skin problems. Observational studies suggest that dosing interval lengthening can reduce the risk of these adverse reactions in a relevant proportion of patients, provided that they are closely monitored.

The aim of our study is to evaluate whether, in patients with IBD in sustained remission, anti-TNF dosing interval lengthening is non-inferior compared to an unchanged dosing interval with respect to maintenance of target faecal calprotectin (FC) levels.

The educational programme of the 16^th Congress of ECCO is scheduled one week prior to the official start of the ECCO Congress and all educational courses take place from July 2-3, 2021. These activities target ECCO’s different interest groups including young gastroenterologists, surgeons, paediatricians, pathologists, IBD Nurses, dietitians, allied health professionals and scientists.

The scientific programme will be held from July 8-10, 2021 including Digital Oral Presentations. In addition we are pleased to announce that the titles of the abstract oral presentations are already included in the online programme.

An overview of these activities can be found below. In order to get more information please click on the respective course link. For ECCO'21 Virtual overlapping courses can be watched on-demand until end of October 2021. It is foreseen, that delegates who registered for educational courses and/or the scientific programme can claim their CME credits also for on-demand content. We encourage you to register at your earliest convenience.

We look forward to welcoming you at the 16^th Congress of ECCO Virtual!

Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet © ECCO

Dear Friends,

I hope that all ECCO Members will be vaccinated when reading this article except maybe a few Y-ECCO Members!

This is the second issue of ECCO News this year and the 16^th Congress of ECCO is fastly approaching.

The Netherlands

Name of group: The Dutch Society of Gastroenterology (NVGE) is responsible for basic and clinical research in gastroenterology. Members include not only Dutch gastroenterologists, but also surgeons, paediatricians, fellows in gastroenterology, PhD students, scientists and nurses. Persons with a specific interest in IBD are members of the IBD Section.

The Initiative on Crohn and Colitis (ICC) is our Dutch IBD research organisation, which facilitates, coordinates and conducts collaborative collection of data and biomaterials as well as IBD studies in The Netherlands.

Number of active members: The NVGE has approximately 1830 members. The IBD Section has 300 members.

The ICC has 38 active members spread across the seven academic medical centres as well as the peripheral hospitals.  

Number of meetings per year: The NVGE has two scientific meetings each year (Digestive Disease Days), with presentations of original work and several state-of-the-art lectures.

The ICC has one IBD meeting each year with both presentations of scientific output and lectures on clinical IBD-related topics.

In addition to these meetings, there are several general meetings during the year to discuss ongoing and future research projects.

Name of president and secretary: 

Dutch Society of Gastroenterology (NVGE): Janneke van der Woude and Andrea van der Meulen

Initiative on Crohn and Colitis (ICC): Frank Hoentjen and Nanne de Boer

National Representatives: Fiona van Schaik and Willemijn van Dop

Joined ECCO in: 2003

Incidence of IBD in the country:

Incidence:           Approximately 29 per 100,000 per year

Prevalence:         Approximately 1:200; 90,000 patients in The Netherlands

Russian Federation

Name of group: Russian Gastroenterological Association

Number of active members:  120-150

Number of meetings per year: 10-12

Name of president and secretary: Vladimir Ivashkin and Alexander Trukhmanov

National Representatives: Yury Uspensky and Pavel Makarchuk

Joined ECCO in: 2007

Incidence of IBD in the country: 6.6 per 100,000

Nuha Yassin © Nuha Yassin

It’s a great honour to introduce you to ECCO’s Scientific Officer, Professor Ailsa Hart. Ailsa is a Consultant Gastroenterologist and the IBD lead at St Mark’s Hospital, Harrow, London. Ailsa has been an active member at ECCO for many years and has been a great supporter of several initiatives. She has won the hearts and minds of many within and outside ECCO with her calm demeanour, hard work and bright outlook.

We hope you enjoy listening to this uplifting interview with Ailsa who gives us a sunny forecast during these challenging times. Please click on the audio link below:

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